漯FՓcЇεİl(f)չ
l(f)rg:2020-05-25 Դ: ժ c
ĸ_^гF(xin)ֻ˂漯F}P(gun)עЇ(dng)µZУ漯Fһ~HxF(xin)ČW(xu)ĽǶȁv@ܲfһƫHF(xin)ɸN漯FMɵģԼ濼]һƶȰͨ^P(gun)VQʩӰԌF(xin)ԼҪ؟(z)ξƽF֮gP(gun)ϵ
(jng)W(xu)еƶȌW(xu)J(rn)ƶ{(dio)(ji)c֮gP(gun)ϵһNsƶ׃wǸ漯F֮gºs漯FĵĽY(ji)^ºsҲ漯F·^ЇӋ(jng)Ʒ(jng)D(zhun)׃MD(zhun)xЈ(jng)ƶ׃w֮Ȼ׃ЇY(ji)(gu)ĶνY(ji)(gu)a(chn)hӰ漯FՓĻA(ch)fƶ׃wе漯FF(xin)Ј(jng)l(f)չһAεĮa(chn)ҲνO(sh)ıȻ
һ漯FĺxՓ
(dng)ijȺwһҪr^̾_ʼ@NҪ^̷Q__wQ漯FǰΌW(xu)Lɵ½oĶx^漯FָdȤ(lin)ϵһR@Щͬ˵ĽMϡ[1]
ΌW(xu)עƶ׃wcQ^е漯F漯FF(xin)18o(j)ĩı13ӢҲ^F(xin)漯F(sh)^̵ӰҲdzޡ19o(j)~Sa(chn)I(y)dЈ(jng)İl(f)չF(xin)ķֻֻɵìܺ͌ʹ|(zh)ͬ̎ͬһˮƽϵ˂_R(q)ʹ½Y(ji)һFwN漯Fl(f)չM20o(j)Ƕ(zhn)ڹŵxrćһ̎ڡҹˡĠB(ti)SЈ(jng)İl(f)չЈȱݱF(xin)@dzĸNA(y)߱㼊_Ķؼӏڽ(jng)I(lng)е@Nr£Ӱ߾ͳɞĸN漯F_ͫ@Ҫ;漯FӿF(xin)W(xu)ߵձP(gun)ע
dJ(rn)о漯F}ġһҪՓҡġ˵桱^cl(f)óɄeΰl(f)չ֮ĽY(ji)Փ [2] ၆ݞָ˂治ͬγɲͬɄeͬǷNr(nng)r(nng)ƷNͬγɲͬ漯FNСģγɡСF
NģγɡF၆˿ڿ齻ͨˮԴȆ}ֳɄeƶV֮γ@һNՓǽ漯FA(ch)ϵȻ@һôʲôdJ(rn)ñF(xin)ڃɂ棺һǾ_漯Fĸвɱԣ͑(yng)ԓf(xi){(dio)N漯FP(gun)ϵǿ漯F֮gĸıJ(rn)鸂Ҳ
(sh)漯Fܕګ@á(qun)pٔ(sh)漯Fę(qun)(yng)ԓֹ@NF(xin)İl(f)ƼstǸ(j)(qun)ԭtMdһ(yng)ԓǸ(j)m(dng)ƼsԭtMNtͿܳF(xin)ɶ(sh)˽y(tng)ٔ(sh)˵ܵp漯FdJ(rn)漯FijF(xin)Խ(jng)˵ıԲˌ乲ͬľSo漯FԄʧҲ(yng)ԓʹÏƵķ硣漯F֮gcƽ⡱ĸһ漯FġҰġcһЩ漯Fġ˽Akʹ漯Fĵܵ
d漯F֮gcƽĻA(ch)ϣһЩΌW(xu)J(rn)Ԫ漯FĴڱһNʽһNеԲʲô¡e@P(gun)IԵăɗlһн^(sh)˿ڶwнM漯FmȻ˲һֱӅc漯FěQӰ漯FěQߣ
ڶQ߿ܲһǴ(sh)ԸǸ漯FӰ푴wıF(xin)ஔ(dng)ӽԸ[3]
(jng)W(xu)о漯FĆ}^ŵ佛(jng)W(xu)оČMca(chn)ҼٶlȫMca(chn)ԭʽQߡ60(jng)W(xu)ҊWɭ䌣wЄӵ߉^ϵy(tng)ط漯Fγɼ(ni)\rҲ漰漯FӰ푛QߵĆ}]Ќ漯Fķc^ϵƶ׃w^(lin)ϵWɭJ(rn)Բһ(do)¼wԭڼwЄһNa(chn)Ʒa(chn)ƷcǣΑ{ɱ̫sҪڼwɆTзɱ治
ʹԼȡЄӶˌʩԼҲԫ@ú̎^ġ܇F(xin)wеĂnjF(xin)wıҪldz֗lWɭָСҎ(gu)ģ漯FȴҎ(gu)ģ漯FײȡЄ@СҎ(gu)ģ漯FʹijwɆTҪГ(dn)ȫijɱwƷҲпҪԓɱ˼wƷԌF(xin)[4]
o(j)80ƶȌW(xu)(jng)W(xu)漯FоƶM^еһԪZ˹S˹ڽ(jng)ʷоЌTо漯F֮gIJȌ(jng)ƶ׃wӰ^J(rn)ƶMķcһ漯F֮gIJ^̼Y(ji)P(gun)Z˹ffƶΑҎ(gu)tô漯FҡƶȌW(xu)߀J(rn)oB(ti)ϿƶMķ̎ڏݵλ漯FQ
ݼF֮܉QƶMķҪͨ^һķʽ@ȡ(qun)֧ͨ^HIͨ^ơ[5]
Ї(jng)W(xu)҅ԌҲ^ע漯FĆ}ڡD(zhun)Ͱl(f)չՓf漯Fһ_ĸԽ(jng)Ŀ(lin)ϵһNoνM^漯Fָ@һЩ˴J(rn)ͬͬһµΡ(jng)ĿйͬԸʹԼԾSֻUĸ_źЇF(xin)ɂ漯FֹW(xu)g(sh)猦F(xin)AЇ漯FоǺܲġ[6]
yΌW(xu)ߌ漯Fоw@ӵ^cһ漯FڬF(xin)ǿ^ڵģΙ(qun)ԴȪǡɄeӡ
ڶƽCֹƵĮa(chn)ͿơɄeӡкc(yng)ڶԵƽƼsԭt
ֻЮ(dng)漯FܻSҸ漯F֮gγƺľr漯FcQ^̱һNʽt漯FĴӢZΌW(xu)īI漯FINTEREST GROUPһ~oHxfDzɻȱĴֻЮ(dng)N漯Fͨ^_ʹԼҪԷӳrЫ@ôɹQ߅Ϣ@rQߵĿƌW(xu)Բ
(dng)漯Fr(qun)ȻܵˁԸP(gun)עӰ@HϾ͘(gu)ˌӵıO(jin)
cΌW(xu)߲ͬZ˹Ƚ(jng)W(xu)ߌ漯FоĻԪrP(gun)עƶ׃w^е漯FҼٶ漯FĄDzƽˣZ˹f漯FҲQ顰FŔ漯FF漯FһNֻеď漯FγɉԸNֶΫ@֧O˵rʹF(xin)νy(tng)_Լ_һеďݼFԓеĉFFijF(xin)һ漯F֮gʧĽY(ji)cF(xin)Fһ~Hx@ӵ|(zh)һLJҙ(qun)ߵĻƙ(qun)ߵĽY(ji)Mܵ\ʩƣų漯FĽO(sh)nj檚ռǹ_(xϵĺϷ)F(xin)檚ռķt[ε(HǷǷֶ\ȡ)˾SoŔОȻpɱ(do)ƶȽĶȓpЧҲ
_cƶȰ
漯FĿҹ(qun)C(gu)ʩӰԾSo档(dng)һF_ԼҪҪ@NҪ_ߵ^ʩӰˣ漯F}ĺһwα_Ć}
α_Ć}HϾһ΅cĆ}΅c錍F(xin)Uչͨ^N;ͷʽƶʩӰ푵ĻڬF(xin)΅cHǹđ(qun)ҲƶȵЧ\ҪlЧ΅cʹƶȫ@ùĸ֧Mεķ(wn)һƶȟooṩ΅cSֻLȺwОпܛ_o(wn)һƶO(sh)Ӌ횰һ_Լǰᡣ
κY(ji)(gu)ܕṩһЩͱ_Aģʽ(do)еĂe˽M漯FЩY(ji)(gu)Y(ji)(gu)m_ƶȰдNͬC(do)˸Nӵ΅cʽƶȰl(f)չʷ漯Fͻġ漯Fͨ^f_\ӡƽʾӰxeֹͣȸNʽ;cΰl(f)ӰMʹTߵӆ͈(zh)вò]N漯F֮gąf(xi){(dio)cƽ⣬ͨ^Ļf(xi)Մׅf(xi)ƽ漯F֮gIJ@^䮔(dng){(dio)ͣˡĽɫ漯F(sh)֮Ӱ֮漰֮Vκ·oȔMW(xu)_?RġһЌдκõ漯F(dng)Ҫ_rֻ뵽б漯FĻӿԸ׃xĽY(ji)Ӱߵӆ͈(zh)ӰěQ߷ʽmȻ漯FֻͬijɆTԣN漯FM渂r϶ѭһԭtɱ횷ķɡƽN˼ָ(do)팍F(xin)ԼˣƶO(sh)Ӌһۺc_漯Fһ漯FnjxơhƺhΞҪ(ni)ݵĂy(tng)ƶȵaʹͬAAӼFɄeȌΙ(qun)Qߵҕ̶ȴMˇҙ(qun)\ĺ
һ漯FFwɆTM漯FLjFwɆTľCwF(xin)FČF(xin)ͬrҲLjFwɆTҪ
_SͬY(ji)(gu)ԲͬķʽMСһF(xin)wϵM_ҲɷnjI(y)ęC(gu)MУǴҪǞM_MF͢DָF(xin)cy(tng)ҵ^(q)eڴҎ(gu)ģνMЅcβӰ푵ďV̶ȡڂy(tng)΅cڴ@ӴϿஔ(dng)ձ^@ӴΣ΅cںСķЩĂy(tng)ܕ_^ ˮƽę(qun)ԻͽY(ji)(gu)ֻ΅csԾٔ(sh)FžӢķάF(xin)ҪĸFڳڴ(zhn)Ӵ֮υcԼ(chung)܉M@Ncµƶȣh[7]F(xin)ζNºfF(xin)͂y(tng)ļFԽԽRԼһF
RԼcFP(gun)ϵеҪĴ_F(xin)@֮һڂy(tng)SXJ(rn)̶ͬȺͽM̶ȶܵµЮa(chn)FR(ni)ԺͽM(c̎xһ)
[8]
νQF(xin)^SֻļF}FġнMġ}һɻرܵΰl(f)չ}Ǹ漯Fͨ^hF(xin)ı_cCWһЩͨ^TcFĹ(lin)ϵMFąҪһЩ҄tͨ^hMcFġ϶һQF}oɣS(jng)İl(f)չͽռнMąl(f)չıȻκܿ_š_I(lng) ṩ漯F_ԼĺϷʹ^̳Ҏ(gu)tһγwF(xin)
ЇD(zhun)^е漯Fc
l(f)ܐ20ǰڸĸYԴwƵĻA(ch)ϣЇa(chn)˂w(jng)I(jng)YI(y)ʽԭwԵY(ji)(gu)D(zhun)ԪY(ji)(gu)ṩǰl
ԭ̎oֹB(ti)һЩAӼMЈ(jng)Ƅu漯Fķl(f)չa(chn)µȺwA1988Їa(chn)hʮöȫĹ״̹ȻسJ(rn)Їͬ漯Fxƶ(ni)Ȼͬ漯Fì[9] ˺W(xu)g(sh)猦漯F}һЩ̶ͬȵоڂy(tng)RΑB(ti)P(gun)ϵ珊{(dio)x߶һ
{(dio)ĽM棬ֲȫ
{(dio)wxărֵ^֮L(fng)TӰĸ_՝uͻ@ֻ;ۺφ}ɞպһqðĘԒ}
䌍Ј(jng)ҵĚvʷl(f)չ漯F}Ј(jng)l(f)չһAεһNȻҪF(xin)άF(xin)֮g֮ԕa(chn)Ȼ(lin)ϵ@Ј(jng)ıQġЈ(q)ֻҪЈcl(f)չͱȻҪиtȻҪl(f)˂˂(dng)˵_yĕr˂ڼFϣڼFʹԱ__^HHڽ(jng)I(lng)лDzģ߀ʹõMČF(xin)DZʹ˂MI(lng)ϣͨ^ߵӰ푁õ،F(xin)@漯FF(xin)a(chn)ˡڮ(dng)ֹij̶^ߣNӵijNxv@ЩЕrһNČF(xin)KһNČF(xin)p档(j)Ӌձ@Ns20[10]^ͻČ}Уr(nng)I(y)FwcI(y)Fw@r(nng)a(chn)ƷrČI(y)FcСI(y)F@(ni)ЈČ漯FcI(y)F@h(hun)}ČڹMc(jng)I߽M@YڄӱoČ
(yng)ԓָ漯FF(xin)Įa(chn)Ͱl(f)չcһwҲǷֲ_ֻһw܉SϷڵėl£ܮa(chn)Ͱl(f)չ
ҲfF(xin)漯FηfǶԪĻµεĮa(chn)硰Ļǰ҇100ȫFc6000طFĻg@ЩMȫcB(ti)ĸ_ԺFM_ʼ(f)ֹ19966ȫӛڃԵFM1800طԵĽӽ20f[11]
1979 ԺЇl(f)ȫλ׃ɴMһD(zhun)AγD(zhun)Լһ(jng)cε\C@һЇ漯FF(xin)ҲԼcĿǰֹЇ߀]Сl(f)xϵ漯FһЩȺw|(zh)F߀ȫxϵ漯FijN̶ѽ(jng)漯F繤So˵;SoYI(y)˵ĺϷ(qun)棬wڄ߅f(xi)Sow(qun)棩˿ԷQ֮(zhn)漯F鰴ЇFҎ(gu)еFҪ쿿һܲTܲTijЩɲHϾ͓(dn)FI(lng)(do)ˡ@ӾʹЇĿǰеFgٷpfǜ(zhn)漯FpԡmȻʹ@ЩF_ОܵһʹFֻܲTĿ»һ@Nr@ЩFijLʹʮСrܲTԼУFµЇٴΣЇĿǰFwwϿԷ֞NͬͣИI(y)FI(y)FW(xu)g(sh)FF(lin)xF䌦Ľ(jng)εӰ푁fҪИI(y)ԵFȫ(lin)@N͵Fѳ߂漯FھSo淽ѽ(jng)ul(f)]ԽԽeЈ(jng)^l(f)_ĵ^(q)ИI(y)f(xi)I(lng)(do)ελҲf(xi)˴(dn)һ(w)ʹHھSoИI(y)淽˅ČӴطěQпʩһӰ푡
F(xin)еMһ߂ܣһDžf(xi){(dio)wcҵP(gun)ϵDžf(xi){(dio)wcЈP(gun)ϵdz䮔(dng)_ĹāfЇF(xin)AεFwҪF(xin)ڳɆTҹԼͬN֙(qun)ОMн棬SoMЇ漯F߀ѿA(y)ʾY(ji)(gu)νY(ji)(gu)һNhx׃漯FĮa(chn)ζY(ji)(gu)ĶԪY(ji)(gu)ĶԪKп܌(do)
ġ漯FĺϷcİl(f)չ
һJ(rn)SЇD(zhun)͞(jng)vһu^̣Y(ji)Ǯa(chn)һϵµgNFwµĽMwM@һg@^FwɱҪF(xin)wƵę(qun)J(rn)ڬF(xin)҂l(f)F(xin)SFwڱ_ʹʹԼ挍F(xin)ĕr漯FģʽȥЄá˽¡ʽԂwλֱӰIk_F(xin)ĿʹVV֮L(fng)L(fng)ÿr@NrԭЃɂأһ˂ļFR߀^εĭh(hun)߀δܞ漯F_ṩ^ͨ;cͬrһĹ_rҲԂwОЇķɌڹļwԵ_ОʾTȵȌHǽֹˣͨrҲ漯FģʽЄ(dng)ܵpĕr_ķʽǽoP(gun)I(lng)(do)ᾀԒLkVͶVýw
еMɴͲȡҹΡN·ʽmȻ˂?ni)Ȼе(jng)]ͨЧ;ӳԼ棬߀ǺٲȡFʽֱ_@Nrf漯FĮa(chn)˽(jng)l֮߀ҪһΗlw܉x漯FF(xin)ԺϷԣṩNͨЧ_;@һNԪw@漯FF(xin)܉a(chn)\ҪėlĿǰЇwƅsǡǡ෴һһԪԵwDzݼ{漯FF(xin)SNw漯FķʽʩӰ@һNyأǺϷ_ʽǟoЧģr(nng)̻ĵķʽܼZʳr^̻ĵĆ}轛(jng)^Lĕrgע⣩Ч_ʽDzϷģ缯w[ºVT@NyrfЇ(jng)ıȻԺεĽY(ji)(gu)l(f)ì@NìһŤ漯FF(xin)һּӄεĸɴ˾ͮa(chn)^ČF(xin)ijNضĽǶȁfκһNߌH϶һNO(sh)͌Оڛ](yng)ƶȱCėlͳɞنTķǷ룬N漯Fԡ˽¡ʽ_͞錤ОČF(xin)(chung)˗l(do)¸ʢô漯FОĹ_ϷǷͲa(chn)Ԓ(dng)Ȼ@ôf漯FʩӰ푵ĕrҲųa(chn)VVĸF(xin)һNm˵ƶȰ漯FОҪDzȡT煢xf_\ƽʾȷʽӰƶ͈(zh)У@һNķʽ¶ϵӰО鷽ʽ෴߀ƸF(xin)ĹW(xu)ĽǶȿϸ漯FĻӰHʼKߵěQ߀ƽěQ
F(xin)һжԪc
Q^УAӶҪԼVΌW(xu)о(dng)΅cԽԽ漯FʽF(xin)鱊ĂwҪֱܶݔ뵽Qϵy(tng)Qϵy(tng)ҲͬrôҪˣҪͨ^һgýԾۺȻݔ뵽Qϵy(tng)鹫cεĽMʽ漯Fdz䮔(dng)@һgýĽɫ
ڇȫx^ٹl(f)չஔ(dng)һΕrg(ni)ЇFw̎һеλ@NrcLԁγɵһN`ֱӵP(gun)ϵJ(rn)нMǿµ䌍ЕroMҪнMЇһ͵ćʼKĿƺA(y)}SD(zhun)M̵ļӿ죬һԪwLF(xin)΅cğ飬ԭԽMஔ(dng)]
һҌȫʽ՝upڇc֮gγϵy(tng)ݔݔյ؎ȱ__͕D(zhun)ƶ֮ȥĶᄳϵĄӁyppD(zhun)^еʎ҂ҪRMwϵM^(q)ίTr(nng)f(xi)ИI(y)f(xi)ԱЧc֮gн͘f(xi)̸ӴͬȺwg_ͻMFY(ji)ͬrҪ(j)P(gun)Y(ji)ɵҎ(gu)ƶY(ji)編γ漯FķəCcƶҪB漯F΅cЧ΅c̶ȵQߵԺͿƌW(xu)
עጣ
[1]^ΌW(xu)wϵ^̺ߡϺgij磬200
[2] (qun)֙(qun)漯FՓcİl(f)չڴW(xu)W(xu)(ƌW(xu))199512
[3]ijS֪R10
[4]ƶ׃wڡ91
[5](jng)ʷϵĽY(ji)(gu)c׃wϺ(lin)216퓡
[6]D(zhun)Ͱl(f)չՓͬij磬1996
[7]S?͢D׃еAij3637퓡
[8] ͬ[7]38
[9]Ո1988316
[10]գwS漯F(jng)Ո磬109
[11]FЇ1996
cx