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1 ëɖ|rЇنTҪĸʽ֮һF(xin)ʽϵă(yu)Խк̓(yu)Խ@N(yu)Խк̓(yu)ԽԵıҪهڸنTYõκͽ(jng)ؙ(qun)ؙ(qun)ͷxëɖ|rڷҪV
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3 ؝VŲùҲҪĸʽ@N͵ĸǘOΣUһܵ̎ஔ(dng)(yn)ҟoՓ؝VŲùĔ(sh)Ƕ٣ܵđPͬӇ(yn)@ʹøنTeĕrdzɑܸ(yn)đP߀˾ϺϵģǵϺϵЕr߀wϵġһһN˸ӵĘ(bio)ȺоͳĹڵųٗx͔ҕw߀ҪȺđPoݟoֹĽҰl(f)h(yun)Ҳϴˢ˵ĐuϵϵҕϵĉʹֹنTڸTǰsǸF(xin)ЇM(jn)ĸrںʽ̶ȺѴ׃H֪ķҺǺĬ(Heidenheimer) ЇĸֳNͣ
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2 ¸
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ЇCP(gun)ļLxL(fng)Ҫę(qun)YԴͨۼڸߌӴεCP(gun)طI(y)ˏ@ЩCP(gun)еõ⃞(yu)(yu)ߣòcߌنTTŔCP(gun)ľo(lin)ϵͨ^VTYԴƶϵP(gun)IP(gun)ϵD(zhun)׃?yu)˽P(gun)ϵ@NҪcǞ^w桱ùXؔM(jn)VTӡ
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6 (qun)
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1 ĸ߹ټҌٳɞ鸯wĸ_ǰߌӹنT|(zh)猒ķʳ~ԽXʽoԏЇЈ(jng)ԁߌӹنT܌ʽؙ(qun)ԽԽcЩڸĸ_ĸAؙ(qun)ă(yu)ԽԽl(f)@˝M؝еĹ(qun)ͳ\ȡ˽ֱӹߺֶ
2 ڔ(sh)ͳ̶ϴЇďVHǷNĶwF(xin)һҪڔ(sh)ϵӡ20 o(j)80 1 fԪŵĽ(jng)ﰸͿԱО鸯90 10 fԪĸѽ(jng)Dž^(q)^(q)С(j)ӋڏBTҎ(gu)ģ˽ʧ800 |
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1978 ԁؽSĻrcķCP(gun)1978 ͵طo(j)əzίT½ؓ(f)؟(z)O(jin)ͬ(jng)MhI(lng)(do)˺hijɆTzԺԺҲ1978½O(jin)ɵČʩ{(dio)鲢V(jng)ﰸO(jin)첿ط֧1987 ½ҪDZO(jin)نT͑P`o(j)ɵˡ90 ҪķCP(gun)ķ؝ֱֽӚwٙzԺI(lng)(do)DC(gu)ͼӏڷɺͼo(j)ɌʩϵĪho(j)əzίTط֧C(gu)O(jin)첿ط֧C(gu)Ĺ֮gЅf(xi)ͨϵP(gun)ϵhļo(j)əzίTؓ(f)ąf(xi){(dio)ָ]؟(z)@헹1992 ɡڅf(xi){(dio)Tͬr߀ӏˌCP(gun)ĴֱI(lng)(do)Ķ˷C(gu)ę(qun)ͻ鷴TCP(gun)
^ȥ20 h߀_չҪķƶȵĄ(chung)ºͽO(sh)һQߵ20 o(j)80 ĩ_ʼһЩطͲT_ʼLԇ_ߺʹʩƶ(zh)^Ա㹫ܸõıO(jin)ǏƶȻ(qun)M(jn)Ѓ(ni)ƵC罻M(ni)O(jin)(qun)ȡnjӼҪنTʩر͍ܺλ݆QƶҎ(gu)еĿh̎ϼeĹنTÿӛһؔa(chn)rǽeM(jn)eϵy(tng)1988 ڙzԺͱO(jin)첿֧ィeͨ^桢Ԓżeκν(jng)タeȺбo(h)Ϣ
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1978 _ʼЇ_չĴη\һʼ1982 Ĵ(jng)I(lng)Ї(yn)طӵĶ(c̎xһ)
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(1) ֹنTC(gu)̘I(y)Ӻ\l(wi)ǹ˾(2) ڲͬTA(y)M(jn)мйTġ֧ɗl(3) ֹCP(gun)䁏MphļĔ(sh)I܇kƷ_֧݄x(ni)֮L(fng)(yn)ݳMʹù]M
3 ˼빤T½O(sh)˼빤T½O(sh)ЇҪMɲhҪӏ´ʩһùa(chn)x^ºbȫhM(jn)ՓČW(xu)(x)䏊{(dio)СƽO(sh)ЇɫxՓԼҪ˼ČW(xu)(x)Ҫa(chn)hThĸɲhP(gun)ƶlҎ(gu)M(jn)ҙzͷʡǘӺģԹȫwhTɲW(xu)(x)LJ(yn)̎ʹӡ
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(jng)D(zhun)ͺͽ(jng)ٰl(f)չֵ׃Ǯa(chn)ͷ֮g䏑(zhn)һµĽ(jng)زµī@Cͫ@ܾоTڏ(q)ǰһhĸɲنT(jng)סTɞ鸯ķ̔@Ȼһfеδõ׃׃вصκƶȵİţ֞һhĸɲنTǷIJṩ˱˸һrڵĴںDzɱҪQĆ}J(rn)R}Ҫ˂ҕҳa(chn)ĸԴԱõظ(dng)ǰЇڙ(qun)ƶȺwƵIJ˂J(rn)R˼_(d)ˮƽĿǰֹ˂˽cЧ;ǽƵę(qun)O(jin)ƺCơԙ(qun)Ƽs(qun)@oζֱҪxЇζoՓLj(zh)hļo(j)əzίTıO(jin)CP(gun)߀˾CP(gun)ĸzԺԼSѽıO(jin)C(gu)ڙ(qun)ıO(jin)ƺx߀ģ@˷ȺЧ
·O(sh)xƇң@h{(dio)ЇȴƶȰ£sʼKQǙ(qun)߀ǷĆ}(qun)^ȼкͲܼsʹκѽ(jng)ƶõķɶڈ(zh)׃|(zh)κһڏݙ(qun)Ľ׃һɴ^ƽO(sh)횾oO(sh)ĸԴЇKˎ^wcƵćƵƵ֮gнY(ji)Їȡ÷ěQء
[īI(xin)]
[1 ].ЇD(zhun)ڸͷ}о(ƪ) [J] .(jng)wƱ^. 2003. 1. 2.
[2 ] Tony Saich. Governance and Politics of China[ M ] . First Published by PAlGRAVE Ltd New York. 2001.
[3 ] () P () R(qun). x[C] . (f)W(xu). 2003. 7.
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