ģЇ`Ҏ(gu)ƶȷcĸ˼·
l(f)rg:2020-06-05 Դ: ժ c
(ni)ժҪͨ^ҕIJͬ`Ҏ(gu)rЇ籣ƶȴڵƶȱMзJ飬籣ƶO(sh)ӋIJƌW(xu)cڵĆ}nj(do)`Ҏ(gu)ĸԭҪF(xin)籣y(tng)IӴ̫ͣͶYƶȲȱλĿǰЇRҪǹLUƶLU
LUƵP(gun)Iڸĸ籣ƶȵĴܣһҪ{(dio)y(tng)~Y(ji)ϵƶȽY(ji)(gu)ʹ֮܉߽y(tng)IӴΣ
ҪMĸͶYƶ~YͶYʣ
Ǒ(yng)ԓMҎ(gu)籣ƶ\йɱC(gu)\еО
P(gun) I ~籣ƶȸĸ 籣YͶY 籣Ӌ YЈ
Ї籣Y`Ҏ(gu)ɞȫP(gun)עһcȻv^l(f)_(jng)wϰĚvʷʹ籣ƶȡ족ijڣ˾GDPҲֻЎǧԪĚvʷAҲrȫ籣Y`Ҏ(gu)ӛ
200611Ӌʡ籣YӋĽY(ji)@ʾ71.35|Ԫ籣Y`Ҏ(gu)
ĿǰҌӋ_ʼhмMȫ挏Ӌ2006nj29ʡֱݠк5ӋеB(yng)t(y)ʧI(y)@헻Ӌ A(y)Ӌ2007֮ǰ
Ҏ(gu)Ɯy@ΌӋY(ji)϶2006ČӋ^@ΌӋČ2006Ľy(tng)IӼ߀ҪͣӋUNbĿǰЇ籣y(tng)IҪԿhмy(tng)I@ஔ̶ǛQ@ΌӋY(ji)ݘ^һ(j)ஔ?sh)ıȻԡ?/p>
2006Ϻ籣ֻLJҌӋ籣YMЌӋČ(do)֮һԇDͨ^Ӌ汩¶`Ҏ(gu)YMзTeط̽ӵƶȸԴҳ籣Y`Ҏ(gu)ijNȻMoҎ(gu)`Ҏ(gu)LUƶȸĸ˼·
һЇ籣Y`Ҏ(gu)Ҫ
@ďVxvġϿɷ֞3֣һָԵĻUƶȵUYB(yng)t(y)ʧI(y)UY@Ї籣ƶеĵһ֧ͶYƷdzֻ܅f(xi)hُIָڶ֧I(y)aB(yng)cat(y)UY@Ը͵ıUӋͶY^2004ڄϲɂԇkl(f)֮ǰ]ʲôƣ˺ЈƵҎ(gu)ȫݠ3000|Ԫֱه(w)ԺһYYҎ(gu)tЈͶYҎ(gu)Ǒ(zhn)ԃYĿǰț]֧ʹc籣ƶ\Л]κP(gun)ϵһf籣Yڃ(ni)ĪMxv籣@Ҳ(jng)I(y)I(y)еҲȫЈͶYƶ˽˲TҎ(gu)ģ^С2006מ910|Ԫ
YͶYcȫ𡱺2004Ժڶ֧I(y)ЈͶYIJ֣RҪЈLU\LUһ֧UYRĄtҪƶLULU@Ŀǰһ֧籣UYcǰLUдڵҪ^(q)eS籣YҎ(gu)ģIJUڱO(jin)YԴȶl׃rYҎ(gu)ģĔUԭڵìܺ͆}u@ԻJ`Ҏ(gu)F(xin)uɻȻڅڱȻ
ӋY(ji)@ʾ `Ҏ(gu)~Ӌ71.35|Ԫɷ֞һǡ]ЌЌ`Ҏ(gu)Y27.13|к3.76|ԪԭИI(y)B(yng)ϱUy(tng)IY(ji)δƽؔռ38.02
ǡ`Ҏ(gu)ͶYռ27.3219.49|ͶY11.48|ԪίнڙC(gu)Jδջ1.89|Ԫ(jng)kI(y)0.68|ԪίнڙC(gu)J͌ͶY5.44|Ԫ
ڏa֧ȱ16.69|Ԫռ23.39%
ژ(gu)k÷͏a(jng)M`Ҏ(gu)a(chn)cᣩ6.54.64|Ԫ
ռ`Ҏ(gu)~95.23%
ڹy~Ŀȫԭɵēpʧ@Щ·IJ5%ՈҊ1
ӋY(ji)ஔ?sh)ĴԺ͵ٽocҪY(ji)Փһ`Ҏ(gu)YпطLUwLUҪԴ^@һǰ`Ҏ(gu)ٵطО飬ռ`Ҏ(gu)Y95%漰Ҏ(gu)ҪɹˮƽB(ti)ȵȷƶ،(do)µ`Ҏ(gu)(sh)tsֻ5%
ڶӋ挢1999һڴ֮ǰl(f)`Ҏ(gu)}~23.47|Ԫռ33%ڴ֮47.88|Ԫռ67%@ބxڣ1999ǰ`Ҏ(gu)YҪǚvʷz}Ԓ2000֮F(xin)`Ҏ(gu)Ҫƶȱɵ1999֮ǰؔ(w)ӋƶвȫһЩطڱUֵֵҪίؔͶYF(xin)^أDռŲû`Ҏ(gu)ܶ(do)»ջء
@cY(ji)ՓԿY(ji)ǷdzҪnjǰ籣YȫLUƶԴ^һӳ䣺ǰЇ籣YҪLUƶO(sh)ӋIJSyԿ˷ϵKͱײɴˌ(do)˱طĵLUM(do)籣Yȫ{cɞһƶȰSЇ籣ƶO(sh)ӋһЩ(ni)ƶȱݡ֮c籣ƶȱ^͕l(f)F(xin)@Щ(ni)ȱnj(do)`Ҏ(gu)ҪƶȸԴһıȻ
Ї籣Y`Ҏ(gu)ƶԭ
`Ҏ(gu)F(xin)ǰƶO(sh)Ӌ(do)µ`Ҏ(gu)F(xin)ڹˮƽƶ©(do)µݔͺ|(zh)`Ҏ(gu)
1籣y(tng)IӴ̫
ЇUԵطy(tng)IB(yng)Ϻt(y)ҪUNԿhy(tng)IB(yng)Ϻt(y)Ă~Y⣩1991(w)ԺCl(f)33̖ġP(gun)I(y)B(yng)ϱUƶȸĸěQҪeO(chung)lĿǰпhy(tng)I^ɵʡy(tng)IȻ16^ȥˣy(tng)Iˮƽyzδӣͣڿhмˮƽ
mȻ҂JR߽y(tng)IˮƽҪڴ˺Ї(w)ԺͲίeļжÿÿҪhмˮƽߵʡڞ֮^16֮҂l(f)F(xin)y(tng)Iˮƽ߀Ǜ]ʲôɫ
hy(tng)IζH籣y(tng)IQߺͲǶ_ǧhеطζǧy(tng)IλԌ籣Y𮋵؞Ԟ(zhn)
rÿy(tng)IλYUYҷ]ͪ\УϚwٲͬġġ̎fڡKKA(ch)Ŀhy(tng)IֳF(xin)˺ÎׂUNA(ch)ġllټr(nng)ĺt(y)B(yng)YĪÿKKy(tng)IλִUNġllڡLUcǏȫ籣YڵġLUc_fӋY(ji)H]ЌЌ`Ҏ(gu)Y~_38.02@ǽy(tng)IӴε͌(do)µ͵`Ҏ(gu)F(xin)ǗlKeķɢƬֱӽY(ji)
ط`Ҏ(gu)wζ^`o`Ҏ(gu)ěQɮ?sh)ŲڷyI(y)ǰl(f)ŸNaֱa(chn)ͶYO(jin)ܵĵطT籣ƶ\еĈ(zh)wYLUҪԴ^ڙM2000y(tng)IλfLUcڿvȫ籣YıO(jin)܌Ӵζ_4ڿhмy(tng)IУ@ġСҪָhУF(xin)ؼнy(tng)Iٔ(sh)罭Kʡֱ5^(q)γбݠ6hУɞ6y(tng)IλDZ7y(tng)Iλ @ЇĿǰ籣YĿvӼHγ롢ʡеءh@һ4ӼY(ji)(gu)O(jin)ܲT2000y(tng)IλıO(jin)ܿgʡеɼ
@Nv4ӼO(jin)ܡ͙MƬwơF(xin)ɵĺҪЃɂһǿvϢfؓpʧO(jin)ȺЧfp댦ط̈́ڄӱϲTֻИI(y)(w)ָ(do)(qun)oݠ(qun)طx`Ҏ(gu)Оo֪ooܞ]ЌЌ֮ռ`Ҏ(gu)Y~1/3طyж^_ɵǙMγɵfƬ،(do)µطA(y)(qun)Ľ^[λλGDPߟoϵĭh(hun)£طʹùĿ˾͕cĿĿ˰l(f)_ͻa(chn)xȡNk׃ͨǧӋͻԴ_طĽ(jng)Ŀ˺Ŀ
y(tng)IӴεζ籣Yʹ{(dio)ϳʵط(j)B(ti)ټ籣YUwƵĶԪY(ji)(gu)͡lK΄ݸ(f)s
@ǽy(tng)IӴε͵һF(xin)ҲƶO(sh)Ӌϵһ(ni)ȱݡЇ籣MUwһ֞ĬF(xin)һ̶ό(do)YĚwϽ֧Th(hun)(ji)ϳF(xin)}Ƥ؟β㕽ӲӋY(ji)ָ16.20|籣MC(gu)δҎ(gu)rgD(zhun)댣͌@NrϺ籣ԺMYĸ߶ҕѳɞһҪHƙ(qun)߀ڿhмطLUԴƶO(sh)ӋȻ
緶oՓǿhy(tng)IˮƽġKK߀籣MUġԪwơ@ȫһٶ籣ƶЎǽ^oHеȫy(tng)I͌cUһԪwκ·Һκ籣ģʽֻٔ(sh)ׂcһ㶐ջϹ\еһͨt
ȫy(tng)I籣Yy(tng)սy(tng)֧Yһ
һcһ֧P֧ȫy(tng)IĻcЇʹԇcĖ|ʡ Ҳ]ЌF(xin)xϵʡy(tng)Iʡֻһ{(dio)(qun)y(tng)IH߀пhȻ`Ҏ(gu)õͶYҲSrǞֵֵYʹЧʺ^ϣәCõġ
籣ƶȽy(tng)IӴε߀ӰCc(wn)ϵKڄ˿ڮD(zhun)ƽm(x)P(gun)ϵdzy˿ڮB(yng)t(y)ɞ鲻^(q)gИI(y)gĴʮ@ѳɞɕһcҲyʮȫĵ2020wl(xing)籣wϵϵKr(nng)ȺwԸ˱ƶȸwyԔUr(nng)壬ȫĜpؕI^ͣ
2ͶYƶȲ
1996412Շ(w)ԺkdCl(f)ġP(gun)һЩ^(q)DռŲUȆ}ͨkl(f)[1996]6̖Ҏ(gu)UY(ji)ҪُI҂ȯُI҂ȯнY(ji)đ(yng)Ҏ(gu)y~κʽͶYڴ֮ǰ(w)ԺP(gun)I(y)B(yng)ϱUƶȸĸ֪ͨl(f)[1995]6̖ؔڄӲP(gun)ڼӏI(y)UͶYĕҎ(gu)[1994]ֵؔ59̖ҲƵҎ(gu)ʮ^ȥw桢YҎ(gu)ģЈh(hun)yԵȃ(ni)ⲿlѰl(f)ش׃@ӵͶYҎ(gu)ͻ؈Ѳm(yng)籣ƶȵҪf(xi)hُIͶYƴڃɂش}һ̫ͣH2-3%ңصֵı˅˵ʣӰˡT⡱͘I(y)ˆTķeO籣Uw湤Чԡ@ɗlͶYʵҷdzͨڲy]ƶȱyԌF(xin)y^ʣr
`Ҏ(gu)ͶYڌӋY(ji)֮λӵڶ_27.32ͶYƶȲoҪԭ֮һĿǰͶYҎ(gu)y(tng)IY~YӅ^(q)ֵؽy(tng)y(tng)څf(xi)hُI@ɂ@Ny(tng)IY~Yȡy(tng)~һͶYҎ(gu)nj~ķe籣ƶȵć(zhn)(c̎xһ)
njy(tng)~Y(ji)ƶȺϷԵć|(zh)hm(yng)籣ƶȲַe|(zh)Ҫ籣Y`Ҏ(gu)˾g
ǧy(tng)IλA(ch)ĵطγ˸ͶY_ʹһЩطڱֵֵҪͻͶYƣȡһ׃ͨ`Ҏ(gu)О\ȡ^ߵ@ɞһҎ(gu)t_2004VЃɕg˴|(zh)ɵ8|Ԫ籣YI\ Ϻ籣34.5|Ԫ ٵVǰ10.18|Ԫ籣Ųõ ܶ`Ҏ(gu)ٿݵͶYƶO(sh)Ӌϡ
ĿǰЇ籣YͶYƶȵćfa]гГăɂ؟ΣһǛ]гГ籣ƶƶһ^Եġy(tng)~xͶYߵ؟һǛ]гГͶYƶO(sh)Ӌһ^ͶYߵ؟Σ
@һȲҲͶYҎ(gu)ʮ겻׃yԱֵyԲɵط׃ͨcQ籣Y`Ҏ(gu)һLU
c~y(tng)I־кٷ|(zh)ڇғָ(sh)oĻƶǵһ֧еĵһӼ~ǵڶӼͶYYa(chn)Ñ(yng)ɇؔԱCЏҵġCB(yng)Ͻ𡱵Čԣ
κθӏ~ʽ֧籣ƶЬF(xin)լF(xin)ƵĽy(tng)Iֶڙ(qun)һת(wn)y(tng)һҾ^ʵıֵֵ
@LJekF(xin)լF(xin)y(tng)Iֵһж؟(yng)HH֮ƶһ߱
~ֵO(sh)Ǟˏ˵؟ӏUMc֮g(lin)ϵF(xin)籣ƶؔ(w)ɳm(x)
ijNxfO(sh)~Ŀ֮һǞʹ֮܉MЈͶYеİl(f)_籣ƶ~ĿĎĪȡcy(tng)IYһӵͶYԾஔ̶ʧȥO(sh)~ĿĺxǮͶYʵµòͨÛʵĕr
3cƶȱp
һͶ`Ҏ(gu)YƶȸԴքeڽy(tng)IӴ̫ͺͶYƶȲ`Ҏ(gu)YƶȸԴtҪӼ^͡ƶȱp(zh)ԭɵ
һŲ籣Ya֧ȱǴJR`^(q)͈(zh)ĽY(ji)Ŀǰƶȼܘ(gu)£ڎUNĽy(tng)IӴζڿhӴ@͞طijUN^a(chn)ΣCr˻֧ķl֧ײUһA֧ͱ˴ŲԏaһrF(xin)AYȱ猏ӋY(ji)ָB(yng)ϡt(y)ʧI(y)@헻UUڡat(y)𡱵ĿYռ23.39%ȫˮƽĽy(tng)IlƶȵֿLU^Y^籣Y{(dio)ʽҪʿvʽ헻(ni)ɌȫĿv{(dio)ƽ⣬^ٲȡM֧{(dio)ڵˮƽy(tng)Il£A෴طنTJRƫҲһҪԭ`Ҏ(gu)wط籣YͨĹYŲc֧㱻ȻĹО
ڶ籣YŲڏak(jng)MIJƶȱpA(y)㲻Ҏ(gu)ĽY(ji)Ӌڵλ`Ҏ(gu)DŽ籣YڏakI(y)(jng)MIJoՓŲُk÷߀ak(jng)M@Ȼe`ġһҎ(gu)Ј(jng)ؔw籣֧MÑ(yng)ԓ{뵽ƶȰ֮У뵽֮ؔ(yng)x̶Ck(jng)MijԺҎ(gu)ԣɱc籣Y֮gһ
mȻ@`Ҏ(gu)^Hռ6.5f籣ƶȵɱ߀]м{뵽ؔҕҰ]JR_M֧A(y)Ҫ]ϵ@һп܌(do)籣a(chn)`Ҏ(gu)ŲõԭƶɱijԺҎ(gu)Ԇ}ܲTʡпh(yng)籣ƶȰŲһ־klú͘I(y)(w)(jng)Mǵط籣(jng)kC(gu)һLnj(do)ijЩط`Ҏ(gu)ŲõһڡŲ籣Ya֮oe`ط籣C(gu)MбҪͶ룬x(w)Ҳǵط؟
ڵط籣ϵy(tng)ؔoJRƫԭSط籣(jng)kC(gu)oʹÅλṩk÷O(sh)ĬF(xin)eط(yng)ГMD(zhun)U֮
ˮƽTƶ©(do)³F(xin)ݔһy~ĿȫɓpʧĸԭڹˮƽһƶO(sh)ӋķNNcƌW(xu)Ȼ(do)³F(xin)һЩƶ©a(chn)ݔͣ(do)¸ͷy~Ŀȫ@ȿ漰ϵy(tng)Ĺˮƽǂ齨O(sh)c|(zh)Ć}Ҳ漰B(ti)ȣ߀漰D(zhun)܉rڵƶȽO(sh)}ƶȲҎ(gu)T©،(do)Q^ȱͿƌW(xu)ȱO(jin)cƼsC@`Ҏ(gu)YımȻHռ5%Ӗ(xn)̵
߽y(tng)Iˮƽʩɲߡ(zhn)
籣ƶȰŴஔ(f)sĆ}5`Ҏ(gu)F(xin)ஔ?sh)ıȻԣ?br>ƶO(sh)Ӌȱ̲ԷYȫԆ}ͲĸϽQ`Ҏ(gu)F(xin)͌ɞһyԸɞһNB(ti)ʼKSЇЈ(jng)AεvʷM̡Ҫֹ籣`Ҏ(gu)ͱ籣ƶȼܘ(gu)ĸĸ@ǶŽ^`Ҏ(gu)F(xin)ƶȱC
1߽y(tng)Iˮƽɲߑ(zhn)ԡʡy(tng)IF(xin)һ
籣YʹùϣώЇҶnjȫy(tng)Iģôʡе⣩ ƺֻЇΨһ2000пhKKy(tng)Iƶȵć
WһЩҵИI(y)y(tng)IλmȻҲʡƬ@NllƬcЇKKƬϲͬUNHǡlKƬȣՓvLUĎʺжقll͉KKжقLUcښWޡlly(tng)IĿvֱO(jin)ҵĿֱӵģЇhмKKƬy(tng)I4ӴαO(jin)ܽY(ji)(gu)ėl籣YLUcʱ(sh)ӣɿԸ@@Ї籣Y`Ҏ(gu)F(xin)ښWҵһԭĿǰЇ籣ƶcȴڵһҪ
MܡllİȫԱȡKKһЩ҂Ѳ˻ص1997ǰ11ИI(y)y(tng)Iĸ ǚvʷĮa(chn)һ(yu)xĿǰõxߡKKĽy(tng)IӼMF(xin)ȫy(tng)I
ڃ(ni)ⲿl׃籣ƶȃ(ni)Y(ji)(gu)ӵėl£F(xin)ȫy(tng)IˮƽDZ^ynjF(xin)籣ƶMнY(ji)(gu)Ը죬m(yng)Ԫ(jng)ˮƽغc^(q)֮g(jng)l(f)չˮƽƽĶԪY(ji)(gu)^͵Ľy(tng)IӴҎ(gu)ܵLUxIJ֮etؔؓНڵĔUڅݣؔD(zhun)֧500|ϣ
bڽy(tng)IӴஔ̶ϛQȫԵĬF(xin)pٝڡLUc͡LUԴĎʹ֮܉ڿɿط(ni)Ԍʩ߽y(tng)IӴΡɲߡ(zhn)ȡeOʩ(yng)ӵȴƳҎ(gu)O(sh)rgһڎ(ni)M쌍F(xin)ʡy(tng)I2-3꣩ĿǰЇĸɲƶc籣wƻͬɲQˌY`Ҏ(gu)F(xin)`Ҏ(gu)wĿyȫЧ|(zh)fYLUĿnj`Ҏ(gu)wطنTĹhy(tng)Iߵʡy(tng)IڸɲY϶pكɌy(tng)IλLUԴăǧpٵ30ɲҲͬpكɌYLUʌp@һʡy(tng)IĶwϵYwһA(ni)ɱֲ׃10-15꣩
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F(xin)ʡy(tng)IĿǾ߂ԲȡһeOʩһ̶Ͽ˷ͱLUxһЇĿǰԪY(ji)(gu)ĻcҪرF(xin)ږ|^(q)gİl(f)չϣ֮ʡ(ni)ҪhhСʡH|^(q)gIJ@һcQʡy(tng)IµLUxİl(f)ҪhhСȫy(tng)I
ڶֹʡy(tng)ILUһҪʩǣӋƽYˮƽrһҪԵԿhλҪʡƽYˮƽԼ(jng)l(f)չˮƽߵеؿhUMȵҎ(gu)ܵLUİl(f)
ֻҪ؟Ρ䌍ʡʡпhɲc䌦пhYUrϢջnjQcĿǰ4ܘ(gu)¡ɼO(jin)wȺЧҲǺͬնZ
ʡпhɲ˗lпɌ籣YUr{в鿼˸ɲӲָ
ؔwSʡݶm(x)ʡֱӹܿhؔw籣MSʡ籣TڼӿM屣һMSʡB(yng)ϱUUM(sh)ʡy(tng)һķ^ɡ
M܌F(xin)ʡy(tng)IһĿLUxĹӋƉԲɵpP(gun)T(yng)ԌTо]cȫ(qun)ףF(xin)ʡy(tng)I߀DZҪĺ;oȵc籣YȫԵӰ푺ΣѲһμ籣ƶȆ헸ĸĆ}ֱ漰(wn)Ά}ܷF(xin)(gu)Cһ(zhn)Ԇ}bڴˣP߽hȡɲߡЇ籣ƶȸĸһAԑ(zhn)Ŀˣ(yng)MMԇcڿY(ji)(jng)Ӗ(xn)ĻA(ch)ώ֮(ni)ȫ_F(xin)ϵKF(xin)ʡy(tng)IҪǂΛQ}^Ǽg(sh)}
߽y(tng)Iˮƽɲߡ(zhn)O(sh)ڽy(tng)~Y(ji)ƶȱֲ׃ǰ䌍߀һY(ji)(gu)ĸij·ԲȡһλF(xin)ȫy(tng)Iđ(zhn)Ŀˡ֮ԷQ֮顰Y(ji)(gu)ĸ ָĿǰ(zhn)籣ƶȼy(tng)~Y(ji)ϵġܡM^Ҏ(gu)ģ{(dio)˼·ǿsСy(tng)IҎ(gu)ģcֱusСȡy(tng)I֣c͆TUMȫ낀~ͬrUMĿǰ28%{(dio)ƶM롰TUƶȸw2020F(xin)wl(xing)籣wϵ(chung)l
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3u׃Ŀǰ籣Upw߽y(tng)IıȻҪ
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Zheng Bingwen, Assessment for Social Security Pilot in Jilin and Hei Longjiang of China,(c̎xһ)
in China & World Economy, 65-77, Vol.14, No.5, 2006.
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Institutional Analysis of The Irregularities of Social Security Fund and Reform of Regulatory Framework
Zheng Bingwen
Abstract
Given the irregularities in operation of social security funds revealed by the 2006 audit report published by China National Auditing Office, this article rethinks Chinese social security system and analyses its structural defect. It finds that the root cause of irregular operation of social security funds lies in the unreasonable system design and the consequent problems, mainly, low level of social pooling, nonscientific investment rules, absence of regulatory framework. These defects result in various irregularities, even conflicts of interests and corruption. This article points out that social security funds currently face two main risks, i.e. administrative risk and institutional risk. This article argues that the key to risk control lies in the restructuring of the basic social security framework: first, adjust and restructure the combinational system of social pooling with individual accounts, increase pooling level so as to ensure compliance; second, reform the investment rule for opportunity of higher return; finally, accelerate legislation so as to regulate the administrative cost of social security system and the behavior of its agencies.
Key word
Social Security Reform, Investment of Social Security Fund, Corruptive Case in Social Security Administration, Audit Report on Social Security Fund, Capital Market
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